Foundation pile



2 sheets-sheet 1 V. FRENKu.

FOUNDATION PILE Filed Nov. 29, 1945 Sept. 30, 1947.

Sgm. 3o, 1947.

v. FRENKIL FOUNDATION PILEl Filedl Nov. 29', 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 2Patented Sept. 30, 1947 UNITED STATESPATENT CFFICE FOUNDATION PILEVictor Frenkil, Baltimore, Md. y Application November 29, 1945, SerialNo. 631,567

7 Claims.

This invention relates to foundation piles and more particularly topiles incorporating a Steel beam having its upper end encased inconcrete.

Prior to the instant invention, steel beam piles have been installedwith concrete encasements about the upper portions thereof, but theinstallation of the concrete encasement has been relatively complicatedinvolving the use of considerable special equipment and labor. It alsohas been found in the past that considerable care has been necessary linthe fabrication of the concrete encasement about the steel beam if theconcrete encasement is to be installed without failure. Such priorinstallations usually involved the bringing of steel shells and/or otherspecial equipment to the job, which steel shells or other specialequipment served as molds or mold portions for the concrete encasement.

It is an object of the instant invention to 'teach a novel method ofinstalling steel beam piles having their upper portions encased inconcrete.

It is another object of the instant invention to provide prefabricatedconcrete encasements for steel beam piles.

Other objects and the nature and advantages of the instant inventionwill be apparent from the following description taken in conjunctionwith the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view with parts shown in elevation of apile installed in accordance with the instant invention;

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing the steel beam installed andthe concrete encasement about to be installed;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken along line 3-3 of Fig. 2 andlooking inthe direction of the arrows;

Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view taken along line 4--4 of Fig. 1and looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 5 is a bottom view of the steel beam and concrete encasement shownin Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a horizontal sectional view taken along line Vli-li of Fig. land looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 7 is a view in vertical elevation of a modied form of pile andencasement construction;

Fig. 8 is a bottom view of the pile shown in Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 7 but showing a modified construction;

Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 8 but relating to the pileconstruction shown in Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is a view similar to Figs. 7 and 9 but of a modifiedconstruction;

Fig. 12 is a view similar to Figs. 8 and 10 but relating to theconstruction shown in Fig. 11;

Fig. 13 is a view similar to Figs. 7, 9 and 11 but of a modifiedconstruction; and

Fig. 14 is a view similar to Figs. 8, 10 and 12 but relating to theconstruction shown in Fig. 13.

Referringy to Figures 1-6 inclusive, the steel beam 2l) is driventhrough the mud 2| below the water 22 to the proper depth which may bereached when a predetermined blow from the pile driver causes no furthersinking or lowering of the steel beam. The precast concrete encasementelement 23 is then slipped over the steel beam 20 as shown in Fig. 2 andlowered or driven into the position shown in Fig. 1.

The precast or prefabricated concrete encasement element 23 may comprisean integral casting of generally cylindrical form including a taperednose portion 24 and a tubular body portion 25 the inner wall 26 of whichis spaced from the steel beam 20 to provide a compartment which may befilled with concrete C to be cast in situ in order that the steel beamand the concrete encasement element may become an integral unit as shownin Fig. 1 with the steel beam 2U passing entirely through the concreteencasement element 23 and the encasement element extending from a pointbelow the mud line at its lower end 2l to a point above the water levelat its upper end 28. The tapered nose portion 24 may comprise a solidmass of concrete having an opening passing vertically therethrough of ashape the section of which corresponds to the sectional shape of thesteel beam so that when the steel beam is of H section, as shown in thedrawings, the opening through the tapered nose portion A24 will also beH shape in section. sizes of the opening passing through the taperednose portion 24 and the section of the H beam may be such that theopening will be larger than the section of the beam by the amount oftolerance necessary to facilitate the passing of the encasement element23 over the beam 20 in a telescopic manner. The height of the noseportion 24 may be such as will insure a good bearing or guiding actionas the encasement element is passed telescopically over the beam intoplace whereby the space between the inner wall 26 and the surface of thesteelbeam will be substantially even in all horizontal planes throughoutthe length of the encasement element.

The pouring of the concrete C, which is to be cast in situ between theinner wall 26 of the body portion 25 of the encasement 23 and the steelbeam 20, may begin when the encasement is The relative A lowered into aposition wherein the lower end 21 thereof is at the water level and maybe completed when the encasement has been lowered to the lposition inFig. l, or sooner. The concrete may be ladled or otherwise poured orinserted through the opening in the top of the encasement 23 and as itreaches the top wall 29 of the nose portion 24 which forms the bottomWall of the space about the steel beam 20 and within the inner wall 26of the encasement 23, it will seal the steel beam 2D within theencasement 23 and prevent the entrance of Water or mud into theencasement 23 particularly as the weight of the As the encasementelement 23 is lowered, sufficient concrete should be poured within theencasement element 23 and about the steel beam 2G- so that the head ofunsolidied concrete is greater than the head of water or mud on theoutside of the encasement element 23. In order to be certain that thissituation exists, the pouring of concrete may -be startedwhen the lowerend 21 ofthe encasement element23 is lowered to the water line andconcrete may be poured at such a rate as will insure that the concretewithin the encasement element 23 and about the steel beam 20 is at alevel at least as high as the water line during and throughout thelowering operation of the encasement element 23. v

Though the nose portion of the concrete encasement element may be in theform of a truncated ccne as shown in Figs. l and 2, it may take otherforms as shown in Figs. 7-14 inclusive, for example. In Figs. l and 8,the concrete encasement 23 comprises a nose portion |24 -generally inthe shape of a truncated pyramid. In Figs. 9 and 10 the concreteencasement 223 has a nose portion 22@ generally chisel shape. In Figs.ll and 12 the concrete encasement 323 includes a nose portion 324generally in the shape of a hemisphere. In Figs. 13 and 14 the concreteencasement 23 has a bottom 424 which is substantially at.

Piles encased in accordance with the invention described above aresuitable for use in the construction of foundations for buildings, theconstruction of bridges, wharves and other installations particularlywhen they are adjacent to water and particularly when the constructionwork is to Ibe located above Water or mud. Piles located in such areasshould have their surfaces protected down to below the mud line in orderto prevent such erosion as might take place due to alternating contactwith mud or water and air which might result, if the pile were notprotected, in the weakening of the pile to the point where failure couldpossibly occur.

By the utilization of the instant invention, the need for steel shellsto serve as molds for the forming of concrete encasements has beeneliminated and by following the method described, the sealing of theencasement to the pile, which passes entirely through the encasement,may be insured and mud and water will not enter between the encasementand the pile member. As the pile which may be a steel beam ipassesentirely through the encasement, the proper transmission oi stresses inaccordance with the desired function of the pile will be obtained as theconnection between the encasement and the beam or pile need only be aseal. Further, no special equipment is needed to seal the bottom of theencasement to the beam or -pile asis necessary when an ordinary steelshell open at the bottom is used for the formation of the encasementabout the beam and 4 as also is necessary when a precast concretecylinder completely open at the bottom is used as a form in connectionwith the casting of the completed encasement.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes maybe made without departing from the spirit of the invention and thereforethe invention is not limited to what is shown in the drawingsanddescribed in the specication but only as indicated inthe appendedclaims.

'We claim:

1. A prefabricated concrete element for use in Aconnection with theencasing of a pile for proconcrete C is greater than that of water ormud.

tection against the erosion action of the elements, comprising a bodysection and a lower nose section, said body section comprising a hollowgenerally tubular structure adapted to be substantially evenly spacedabout the surface of the pile, said lower nose portion comprising asolid mass having an opening passing vertically therethrough of asection corresponding tov the section of the pile adapted to |be encasedbut being larger than the section of the pile vonly by the tolerancenec# essary to permit the encasement element tov be passed over the pilein a telescopic manner, said nose portion and said bodyV portion beingintegral, the height of said nose portion being great enough to act as abearing orguide in order that the body portion will assume a symmetricalposition with respect to the axis of the pile when it is in place aboutthe pile.

2. The structure recited in claim l, the shape of the body portion ofthe concrete element beingA in the form of a hollow cylinder.

3. The structure recited in claim l, the eX- ternal shape of the noseportion of the prefabricated element bein-g generally in the shape vof atruncated cone.

4. The structure recited in claim l, the external shape of the noseportion of the prefabrioated element being generally in the shape of atruncated pyramid.

5. The structure recited in claim l, the external shape of the noseportion ofthe prefabricated element being generally in the shape of awedge.

6. The structure recited in claim 1, the eX,- ternal shape of the noseportion of the prefabricated element being generally tapered inwardlyfrom the top thereof to the bottom thereof.

7. The method of forming a protective encasement for a pile having auniform cross section and positioned at least in part in a fluid mediumcomprising sliding downwardly in telescoping relation with the pile aprefabricated' concrete en velope into a position where the lowerportion of the envelope is at the fluid medium line, said envelopehaving a bottom portion tting about said pile with sufficient/toleranceto facilitate relative movement between the pile and the envelope andhaving a body portion spaced from the pile, thereafter continuing thedownward movement of the envelope while pouring concrete into theinterior thereof at a rate at least suf. ficient to balance thepres-sure of the fluidy medium on the pile to thereby prevent entranceof the fluid medium intov the interior of the envelope until the lowerportion ofV the envelope is below the mud line and the upper portion ofthe envelope is above the water line of the iluid medium, lling thespa-ce between the envelope and the pile with a concrete plastic massand permitting the-concrete plastic mass to set in situ.

: Y VICTOR FRENKIL.

(References on following page) Number REFERENCES CITED 1,558,127 Thefollowing references are of record in the 2,168,459 file of this patent:2,200,524

UNITED STATES PATENTS 5 Number Name Date Number 953,088 Hndes Mar. 29,1910 41,234 954,973 Koetitz Apr. 12, 1910 Name Date Upson Oct. 20, 1925Upson Aug. 8, 1939 Watt May 14, 1940 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date TheNetherlands 1937

